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Mary Schapiro
Mary L. Schapiro (born June 19, 1955) served as the 29th Chairperson of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). She was appointed by President Barack Obama, unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate, and assumed the Chairwomanship on January 27, 2009. She is the first woman to be the permanent Chair of the SEC.〔"(Obama taps veteran regulator to head under-fire SEC )", ''Agence France Presse'', December 18, 2008, accessed February 6, 2009.〕 In 2009, Forbes ranked her the 56th most powerful woman in the world.
Schapiro served in various roles as a financial services regulator in the administrations of Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, and Bill Clinton. From 2006 to early 2009, she was the Chairman and CEO of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the securities industry's self-regulatory organization for broker-dealers and exchanges in the United States.〔
==Early life and education==
Schapiro was born to a Jewish family〔(Jewish Voice New York: "The World’s Most Powerful Jewish Women" By Jen Levey ) September 5, 2012〕 in New York City.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.businessweek.com/stories/1994-10-23/meet-washingtons-newest-watchdog )〕 She graduated from Franklin & Marshall College in 1977. In 1980 she earned a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree with honors from George Washington University Law School.〔
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